Stem wall

A stem wall, in the context of construction, refers to a short vertical wall that extends above the foundation or footing of a building. It serves several important purposes in the construction process and structural integrity of a building:

Foundation Support: Stem walls provide support for the foundation of a building. They serve as a transition between the foundation or footing and the above-ground walls. The weight of the structure is transferred from the walls and columns above to the foundation through the stem wall.
Elevation: Stem walls are used to elevate the finished floor of a building to 1’-6” above the flood elevation. This elevation helps prevent moisture from entering the building, particularly in areas prone to flooding or heavy rainfall :typically in F.E.M.A. flood zones.
Termite Protection: In some regions with termite issues, stem walls can be designed with a termite barrier or treated to deter termite infestations. This helps protect the wooden components of the building.

Stem walls are commonly used in residential construction, especially in areas with specific building code requirements related to foundation elevation and protection from flooding (F.E.M.A. flood zones). The height and thickness of the stem wall, as well as its construction materials, depend on the design and engineering specifications of the building, local building codes, and the site’s characteristics.

In summary, a stem wall is an important structural element in a building’s foundation system. It not only provides support and elevation for the structure but also plays a role in protecting against flooding. The design and construction of stem walls should be carefully considered to ensure the long-term durability and stability of a building.